Research Design

So as to conduct a good research, a researcher must have a clear idea and a minute plan of how the research will be carried out. A good research design consists not only in anticipating and specifying numerous decisions which are connected with planning and collecting information, processing, and analysis, but also includes a logical basis for making decisions, which are very important for the result of the research.

We should make clear the distinction between method and design. The design is the plan of yours, and the method is the means through which you investigate the object of your research. One of the important decisions which a researcher must make is how to bring into action the research study. Often the choice of design depends on the method chosen by the researcher (qualitative or quantitative). Often researchers triangulate the methods making the boundary between them less clear.

After the researcher has made the decision concerning the theoretical or conceptual structure, which either informs or supports the investigation and has defined the research issues, the following step is to choose the strategy of data collection and the precise methods which will be used during the research. While the general nature of the research design is known at the beginning, the progress of the study may cause the evolution of the research design. The nature of the collected information influences the degree of statistical manipulation. Whilst a great variety of methods can be applied to generate quantitative information, those who want to test hypothesis usually resort to application of studies, experiments, analysis of secondary information such as official statistics, and structured observation.


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